WATER RESOURCES BUDDHIST THOUGHT ROTATION
Van Hanh University published 1969
Anh Khanh Pagoda, France re-publish
Authors: Kimura TAIKEN
Han Translation: EUROPE CONSERVATION weld
Vietnamese translation: Thich Quang
- O0o -
NATURAL ONE
General ROTATION
Chapter II
THE TIME TO BUDDHISM
When it comes time Buddha was only natural period of about a century Thursday, Friday, BC; in this period, India, in all respects, especially in terms of history, is a university survey that regardless of national development, political relations or the most academic departments, all have a great transformation. Now want to know from the movement in this period we must first clear the trend of Japanese culture.
Start the survey from the cultural arena. By this time, the area of Indian civilization is roughly no different from the earlier period, it is from Dacca or more north of the mainland, local news in northern triangle, but has not spread to sell the island. That the movement in this period to bring culture into the peninsula area has not been conducted to see clearly, therefore, if loosely reviewed, we can maintain this period is no different the last time before that. However, there is the weird thing is the center-point of civilization is not the same with the previous period. That way a few hundred years ago, the home base of civilization is the area in the upper Ganges, as Kuruksetna (The Brigade), Pancala (Ba-Ca-La), Matsya (Ma-field), and Suracena (Tu -NOA-sharp-na), etc. ... is the national race, and power and are taking this area as a cultural center and their politics. The Ba-La-Mon was a local call China (Medhyadesa) and build a solid base here. But the country (ie race) in the south and east is Kosala (The-Tat-La), Kase (Ca-entry), Videba (Vi-subject-ba) etc. ... but have contact with Chinese civilization Nations, but has long been distinguished by its (1) . As Magadha (Ma-Ha-Da), from the A-that-she-Phe-momentum to the Fact-Da-La etc. ... is guilty of no culture. (1) Just as legislated She-La-Mon is the race that is considered inferior, semi-barbaric, (1) does not have some powers. Now suddenly the world changes, not only areas of China, of course, that all the old local decadence began. The race in south-eastern side borders formerly civilized She-La-Mon regarded as barbaric, and this sudden outbreak of any field, are accounted for status and power centers: here it is a phenomenon of transformation has been remarkable era. Because this nation has volunteered to fight fraud (as a great war described in the General-Self-The-Thi, for example) in China; the back country, they start thinking culture design applications proving they have absorbed the rich countries to make people stronger.
(1) India-Religion-Philosophy-Education-Education-History, pp. 248, 147, 418.
So, their power is increasing every day that make up a trend Nam Tien civilization, ie the water in turn borders also open play, so that the trend was the most original, has made great variation age above outburst. At this time, the neighboring countries (stern words, is independent of race) every sequence but undaunted. According to Buddhist scriptures, the Buddha's time, agency agreements with sixteen major (1) and each country is unique and the force of a new national uprising. Boiled, the Xa-Guard (Savatthi) of The-Tat-La, the United-Xa (Rajagaha) of Ma-Ha-Da, the overseas-Trade-Di (Kosambi) of Pullers-Di (Vamsa) and waste- Xa-Li (Vasali) of the Bat-States. etc ... are very popular urban at the time, and is the center-point of all cultural movements experienced by retail, the new nation in terms of performance, although the cultural influence of Ba-La-Mon, but not deep foundation such as the local Chinese;
(1) the Buddhist doctrine of Business (School 10, 53a) AIP 213; idid VI, p. 525 Rhys Davids; Buddhist India, p. 23-24.
(1) whereas the human race is Aryan but not from China but migrated, but their blood has mixed with just is not pure anymore. (2), and although influenced by Chinese civilization itself, but again with the formation of a particular civilization. Here is what we should note that the starting powder of Ma-Ha-Da, Ma-Ha-Da was said by Bandhayana legislated dharma sutra, almost the same mixed blood (sang Mele) Phe-Xa and Prime- Da, is a Buddhist country where a previous period, ie about 600 years BC; not deserve attention. Since Sisunaga sisunaga (Hebrews-tu-na-old) is building a kingdom became prosperous. By the time The Buddha, in addition to Tat-La-place, no country can be the enemy to promote well being of the Ma-Ha-Da. On the south boundaries of the city-da-Qin Mountains, north of the river Ganges, East borders with Thiem Ba River, and west to the river running through Sa-na (Sona). Land was wide, the stronger should Ma-Ha-Da then confessed broadcast in India. (3) and promote a civilization endemic countries to adapt to the world that. According to legend; the time of King Qin-Pi-Sa-La, Ma-Ha-Da has set its own calendar, so, just enough to see clearly.
(1) Oldenberg; Buddha (7 teand) s72-73.
(2) D. Fick Glicdermg in nomdosteshem Inten buddhans Peit Pu 6s.
(3) Rys Davids; Buddhist India. P4; p24.
(1) As for new ideas also efforts to promote its unique, from Lu-Su derivative known to the new ideological campaign against Ba-La-Mon will use it as central to development. It is possible that early Buddhism was also excited to start from there. See how the new representative for the area up as Ma-Ha-Da the new civilization of the Ma-Ha-Da as well as representatives for the new civilizations at the time: this is not identified excessive . Only in the Buddhist era, Ma-Ha-Da has the same war hero with a sentence-Tat-La and the old bed of the Buddha eventually overwhelm the sentence-Tat-La is open for all Indian unity then no more than two hundred years. See how it enough that this civilization was driven at least in India for centuries. Buddhism was already by this civilization that arose and became the spiritual direction of it, if say in a sense, the relations, also for civilization is the product of Ma-Ha-Da .
In short, if say a whole, the local Buddhist civilization in the time limit but also in areas north of the peninsula, but in which the locality is considered the center of it from West to East, from north to south, that is, from the old cities to the villages. As China comes mainly Buddhist era is the new local area this up, ie from the sentence-Tat-La in the north to Ma-Ha-Da in the south; from Pullers-Di (the overseas capital -Commercial-Di) to drink in the Eastern patriarchs (Amga, the capital of the Thiem Ba) in the west.
(1) Five Law Section 18 (page 12b), said: "At the time of King Sa Binh set out five years there is a leap year and all pagan and La-Ba-subject say the ..."
Spiritual civilization is directing her first period-La-Mon is dedicated to taking any United Nations-centered, by Delhi Police-hold, in the development of urban and economic relations , so, the experimental results known as bourgeois, lay, and gradually develop the capacity of them is unique unlike the previous period, and from which arose out privileges this class. The order of the four castes She-La-Mon Church is headed by Ms-La-Mon, then Delhi Police-, Phe-Xa and Player skin, but by using data (Bali) Buddhism upon which the re-start from Delhi Police, Ba-La-Mon-Xa and The Da Coffee, this does not only come from the Buddha-class Delhi Police but also the throne before the power also depends on the fact that time again. Therefore, if the comparison point represents two periods of civilization like, then we can say that the period of the previous form, this period is real substance, the previous period is static, this period is the ; methods of thought regardless of the period prior express something, have characteristics of poetry, the-children-upper, but this period may be said, is a realization, the-baby-down: it is the difference between the two periods. The reason why the civilization of this period, compared with previous periods, very simple, and is close to the people at that point. If the period of civilization before civilization Ba-La-Mon, the civilization of this period can protect civilization-Delhi Police. History of Japan may also be an example to prove, that civilization is the civilization period before Cong Khanh, Kinh Do took the center, but this period is civilized civilization Business Integrity Giang Ho, take dance artists, people-centered marketing. Again, in terms of dignified, elegant writing test period, while not comparable to previous periods, but in terms of simplicity, closeness to the people, and active weather period than the period before.
Looking at the character of contemporary civilization we can also see why inspiration and mission of Buddhism. That is, first, the Buddha came from stream-Delhi Police rather than pure Ba-La-Mon. Monday, the Buddha was born in La-Ca-Pi-Guard, an urban borders, angling to the east than the sentence-Tat-La. Tuesday, because he wanted to pick up a new country as a basis for local Buddhist monk should have special attention to the area of Ma-Ha-Da.
Wednesday, took Ma-Ha-Da-centered positive high the banner of missionaries in the new national uprising. Thursday, taking the response to neo-La-Ba subject to state and former exchange forces act to prevent extremism. Friday, Buddhist believers belong to the stream-Delhi Police and mostly bourgeois, real power lay in the society at that time. If you compare the features on this current situation, we see the inspiration of Buddhism largely due to the positive or negative at the time of promotion. Thus the inspiration of Buddhism and the contemporary situation there is a very intimate relationship and it is a matter which, later, to be deepened further, so, here we have to anticipate.
Back to my new presentation on the trend of external signs of civilization, but its intrinsic trend, ie the spirit of the contemporary world there are many points to be saved to a review. Dao Ba-La-Mon from the past but still want to maintain their power, but have long, not enough anymore. Whereupon, the schools of the Republic cult disagreements often offensive, following encouragements each other to make our people well separated, feeling displaced specified direction: that is the general situation of thought about that period time. For convenience, we divide the main trend of thought of this era, about a few hundred years, four major trends to examine (1) as follows:
First, the trend Ba-La-Mon orthodox: maintain policy of three new wells are ancient neo-Da Coffee Heavenly Revelation, the mean Ba-La-Mon bonuses and even religious sacrifices Universal Republic .
(1) Refer to "Indian Theology History", natural V Chapter I.
Monday, fundamentalist religious practices: do not cling on mainstream forms of worship that many human-to-god, which took three gods Brahma (Brhma), Pi-New York-Noa (Visnu) , and Mrs. Low (SVA) as a center for movement and automatically becomes a fundamentalist Catholic Spirit: that is the central idea of The-Great-Self-Test (Mahabharata) and it is possible for the campaign of the Vulgar La-Ba-Mon.
Tuesday, philosophical movements: Get Pham-mail and Austria-That-mail to main trend of thought is thriving in Austria-means-something that would ideally deployed in all respects. From the number-Luan, most yoga to at least six philosophy has sprung up since this time.
Wednesday, fundamentalist anti-Da Coffee: three movements above a certain sense, no more or less, still have a relationship with Peter Da, to tide Wednesday is completely denied the authority of Peter Da which stands on an independent stance freedom to study, as such parties Luc-Master. Buddhism can also be sorted into this movement. In summary, the above trend, despite the agreement or opposition, although forms are different but goals are to provide the specified direction to the thought of which had long puzzled: the time of the study sent scrambling arises, which ranges from six to four hundred years BC. Buddhism itself is also formed at this time. However, this is only general observations only. If you stand on the whole stance Theology History India to distinguish the type that rely on historic Buddhism alone is not sufficient to prove (1) . So, on one hand but still way above classification, but not overly so obstinate, on the other hand, mainly by historic Buddhist to observe the situation of the contemporary world of thought to understand the origin and the status of Buddhist thought.
A-BA-LA-MON-EDUCATION
She's power-La-Mon-Church at that time but has been declining, but still pervasive, and still form a significant power, which in any view of the A-function analysis, the Han services, business 10, Pham Chi works well enough. Because She-La-Mon-Church which is the national religion, there were very deep foundation relations. At least, it also incorporates all the rituals that have affected so many lives every day. But want to know the status of the La-Ba-Mon-Church at that time that I must first examine it through Buddhist scriptures.
(1) Refer-A-Ham from Central Business to Business 42 38
Regarding the status of A-It-Ba-Da but not sure, (1) but on the third trading as Peter Da Le-The, James, and Sa-Ma Nhu, the course has been merged into one system. Not only that so-called Tam Minh (trividya tuijja) were then pelleted and the Lead waste-Da (Vadanga) have also been established along with the removal Chronicles series (Itihrsa; Mahabharata) placed fifth. In the classic, the scientist-Ba-La Mon often referred to as the information three-Da Coffee, through self-vocabulary-learning (nighandu), information-education-language-resources (sokkharapp-abhedama), through the year transmission (itihasa), through cultural learning (veyyakarana), through the study (chayata) and University of Minister (mahaparislakkha).
(1) A-Ham Han usually translates to the four business including A-It-Ba, but Ba-li A-Ham said there are usually three-Da Coffee (Tayo Veda) beans have not four (catars Veda). According to A-Ham Bali, the fact she was named A-Atthabana; in datak vol, VI, p. 490 and Suttanipata only atthab ana uncle used to call the technical and medical books only. Until the Milinda Panha, the A-that-she was told that a Phe-Da, but, according Treneknersed p.178, it has no proven facts. In summary, this point is to note if you want to research the order established classic Ba-Li and Han Buddhist service.
News of the Austro-That-mail is as follows three-Da Coffee, located A-that-she-Nursing-States-La (Atharvangirasa) on every Wednesday, every Thursday in History series (1) when it took a the cost of language learning instead of Phe-Da-Ba A-It Wednesday. The study subjects all that is usually considered as the standard of Ba-La-Mon mainstream. Also, many religious sect learning and communication over these disciplines, such as the School-A-Ham, Tam Minh Economic 16 (DBJev-jja) is said to Tu-Te-To (SKT Addharniya Adbvarya) She was the subject of sex-La-Da-Nhu (Tanthnieya), Ba-La-Mon sect of Tha-Ma (handagya) (Chandoka Drahmana) and Ca-Gulf-up (KST Chandava Vdgate) etc. ... just see how it clear enough. (2) See then that in the literature (Vedasamhita) of the Ba-La-Mon at that time no Luan, ie books (Sustras) they have completed the English books Pham (Brahmanas) and the expenditures classified Peter Da (Vedamga). So, standing in terms of text-school-age used to say, the Buddhist equivalent of the classic era. Based on the facts on which inference can be trusted. Accordingly, the rites of economic self-Ba-La Mon teachers are still in vogue at that time, big ceremonies such as Code From (Asvama-DHA, Pali: Assamedha), small rituals such as the fire ceremony ( Agnihatra) found scattered throughout the texts. The Ba-La-Mon people of that time listening to the Buddha and Buddha is the master of the liturgy, therefore, the School-Ham, Nine-La-Forums dysmenorrhea No. 15 (D4. Kutadanta Sutta) it is written, a story-Ba-La Mon offers three and sixteen allows international economic cycles to the Buddha asked, so Ba-La-Mon is the time to take the liturgy as primary research question, and Buddhism all also have to master the new rite that should be asked to; see this on the Savior-La-Starter-Forums trade will clear.
(1) India-Religious Studies-Philosophy-History-Education-p, 23
(2) of the Four Health and Quan-Da Coffee tribe, Watch India-Religion-Philosophy-Education-Education-History, nature one, chapter I, chapter I of two natural, natural four chapters iii, Item two.
So worship the liturgy, all the gods were still palsied as much as before, as the name A-Ky-Ni (god of fire), Su-Ma (wine god), To-Benefit-Da ( the sun god), etc. ... then still be there. The only thing is, according to historic Buddhist, the time taken Mon-La-Ba-centered and people-to-god status that they respected and adhered to the top is Brahma (Brahma). Has de-favorite-Thien (Sakka devanam indo) as thirty-three heavens, God-King Four-keeping four (Lokapala) etc. ... which are also human-to-god, was built as new So, in true religious spirit has large variations. In the god Brahma is the most respected people, is considered the world's creator, and in all creation, especially strain Ba-La-Mon is born from the mouth of Brahma, and after death, is Birth of Brahma realms etc. ... For the Buddhist, the Ba-La-Mon is still before the Supreme that's their ideal,
I am Brahma, the Great Brahma, the winners, not losers, is omniscient, is the manager, is itself now, is who artifacts, the guys plan, the maximum win, is the distribution , the Holy Father's past, future, all beings were created by our work.
That is the concept of human-to-god Brahma of the time. The above passage that in cases A-Ham, economic Pham Dong 14 (D1 Brahmajasutta) and many other economic homogeneity. As mentioned above, when the Buddha to meet with the La-Ba-license, he can not quite gotten their beliefs aside, and again, standing on the stance that says the mythology Brahma is always represented Buddhism is the main reason is there. Moreover, the failure of my beliefs Manjushri, Avalokiteshvara of the later Mahayana Buddhism also largely due to myths that Brahma, and has played very important in Buddhism in all respects the. So when it comes to Brahma is the god-of-way center in the era of Buddha implies a very important meaning in the surface history of Buddhist studies in India. For reference the classic Ba-La-Mon for comparison, the survey by the prosperity of Brahma and the guardian spirit that is documented in the case law and the beginning of the Great-The-Self-Test, before long, the Brahma gave way (the force) for Ty-New York-Noa Natural and Mixed-Ba, but, this belief in Buddhist era exists only in a short period only (Buddhist era, Pi-New York-Noa spirit and mixed-Ba Thien, ie self in God (Isana) but gradually flourished, but they are not strong enough to match local with Brahma (1).
On the journey to La-Ba-Mon is represented in the Buddhist scriptures also similar to the concept of god above, and there's very consistent with economic regulations in France or Great-Self-The -Thi. For example, in China-A-Ham, economic Anh-Vu 38 (99 M. Subha Sutta) has recounted how the ideal of a practice as Pham Chi: True (Sac-coffee), asceticism (takas), of behavior (brhmacariya), independent action (ajjha) and sexual isolation (Caga) etc ... (2). The virtue of this section but is he in the Austro-That-mail (3) but is equivalent to the item cultivate virtue and practice of violating the period specified in the French Chi-Business. As in the Buddhist scriptures it is written, a Ba-La-Mon sect because he wanted to be clean should always wash and it's a spiritual practice is also the equivalent of a rule is often rewarded in the General-Self -A-Test. In addition, ordinary practices recorded in the Buddhist scriptures there are many similarities with those recorded in practice-The-Great-Self-Test.
(1) Number of Reviews A-p, 219. Rising 43-Best, of the p. 454
(2) M. 11 199; Central 38, The original, p. 181
(3) Andorra Religion-Philosophy-Education-Education-History
For instance, when a bourgeois in the Xa-drawing dies, because no child should have the property re-collection, though the story is written in the scriptures but also for evidence that current rules by Ba-La-legislated subject to regulations. Just as the latter said to the Buddha-direct-review, people say up to ten virtues of the king to keep the table on ten virtues of the monk-Qiu is also compatible with the duties of the king is specified in The-Great-Self-Test and Rate-Tu-Ma (Bisme). Therefore, if we want to know the relationship between Ms-La-Mon Buddhist Church and then of course need to reference and comparison with classic methods and the General-Self-The-Thi.
In summary, the Buddha's time, stood in terms of form that says, She-La-Mon-Church has completely broken down, or, if not then, as noted above, although still form but the spirit lost, no longer capable of leading our people in the new era to reach the desired point: that it is time to put together the rebel religion. Also true at the moment, the Buddha, Brahma external circumstances, as would later say, has studied all aspects and make a combined book-Ba-La Mon-Education to launch a contemporary style continuous movement information to suit our people in the new era. But, simultaneously, as above said, this era is the era of the religious sect of India grow up and so in a sense, this is also the time of her pregnancy-La- Mon-Catholic way.
B-LIST OF GROUP SA
Mon-Ba-La-old Catholic life are gone, but then have a home full of life is especially active, spreading everywhere: it is organized congregation. As usual congregation is called Sa-Mon (Samana_can News). And to distinguish them from the Ba-La-Mon often they are called Sa-Ba-La-Mon Mon, common name for the thought (of religion) at the time. On this point, the Buddha refers to the opinions of the parties at the time, used to say "Or Sa-Ba-La-Mon or Mon." Until the age of the Lamb-Forums-Hot-Da (Chandragupta), a Greek who lives in India, known as Ca-Denmark-Germany-Lac-Private Investment (Megasthenes) also told the Indian scholar there are two types Sa-Ba-La-Mon and Mon. Today, on whether the record is clear enough to even begin. If history is based on the list and Sa-license regime is the way of life and committed suicide the religious life (Nasthika) in any Tuesday, Wednesday of the Ba-La-Mon that out.
But to the Buddhist era, it has different modes Ba-La-Mon universal, it is no longer bound by dogma or traditional defined-Ba-La Mon that the freedom of family, freedom Republic of worship as you wish. From which arose a much different team Sa-Mon-usual. Thanks to the excited atmosphere at that time, dissatisfaction with the traditional criticism of Ms-La-Mon-Catholic or the policy of a certain sect went to Mon-Sa-oriented team, and who may be eligible delegate status to the spirit world at that time was out of this: it's not too much words. Moreover, as noted above, the campaign was taken adjacent domain Da Ma-Ha-centered, the new water area is up and active arena is the context they create trends. Such as the two directors who first asked the Buddha to lead the A-La-La-La-Ma-Aging (Alala Kalama) and depression-Na-Ca-La-Ma-Tu (Uddakarama sutta) are Group leader of the Sa-Mon retrieve domain surrounding Ma-Ha-Da or Phe-Xa-Li as base. As Sa-union license shall Iatilika first Buddha (ie, Ca-Houttuynia three brothers) and the Ma-Ha-Da. Then comes the sentence Pham Chi-Lu-Ni-Da (Nigrardha) argued with the Buddha recorded in the School-Ham, Tan-Da-Na 8 (D2, udumbariha) almost as close to the United-Xa. Especially after but not always-Master has traveled around the country to new areas, but the XA Wang-Ma-Ha-Da is still the center of them. Based on the above proof, one can believe it's true. In addition, based on the Five-Part-Reviews (1) copy is the brother of King Qin-Pi-Sa-La is a Ca-Save had invited ninety-six first outsider to set a great meal left, this figure of course course not be authenticated, but it also shows locally at the time there are many groups Sa-Mon. Again, when the Buddha ordained at first, he did not go to the base of the Ba-La-Mon is the sentence-Lu (Kuru) which aims to re-Phe-Xa-Xa-Li and Wang Members to make the place tu. Now if we find out why they're going to see this area is home to the new ideas. Buddha but dissatisfied with the ascetic that he came and asked the director to keep working to achieve tri "Non self-realization", but not directly, indirectly, also influenced by the new ideas that : this is a truth can not doubt anything.
(1) five-part book-Law 15, p, 95a.
Moreover, according to legend, as noted above, after enlightenment, the Buddha once decided not to lecture the students, but then changed his mind that the start of Zhuan Falun, because Brahma is said of chaos in the world in private-thought-Ma-Ha-Da Buddha to ask the hand of saving, (1) the issue of Brahma please put aside, not discussed, if interpreted in the spirit of urban legend, as a motive, the Buddha wanted silence that can not be silent, it means that not watching the new thinkers around Ma-Ha-Da direct harm to the human mind . That a Buddha face similar abuse of their tendency, on the other hand guided them back to the legitimate way, and see this as an essential task. To understand the Buddhist way of authentication, we can not ignore this point.
The union took Sa-Mon states in eastern New-centered successive rises and contacts both with free thought bulb in Ba-La-west of the subject, so was the congregation that faiths not the same. That is the time when she called the period of the egg so schools of thought. The first characteristic is that each congregation to worship a Republic or a different religion, the ancestor of the congregation or individual personality of the leader will affect the mood of the congregation, and all that their increasingly far-Ba-La-Mon Church how much they mean ancestor and its leader becomes critical to much. Ba-La-Mon-Catholic religion is the national tradition, it does not have a special meaning or any pontiff who shall transmit the contrary, the group Sa-Mon is the sense of that individuals should be based on a neo or your ancestor's personality to survive. Then, from Lu-Master sent down, most of which use multiple terms inherent to name his congregation: this is the point we need special attention.
In summary, at delivery time, the old civilization is changing, traditional religious subject-Ba-La-Education is the way all that bureaucracy no longer meet the requirements from the new self-concept of the public, so that in this era, many congregations have arisen. The movement was often the trend of extreme danger of the new thinkers, but, after all is nothing but a result of the desire to try the traditional towering above only; that is the point It can not be ignored.
(1) five-part book-Law 15, p, 95a.
C-AO-MEANING-THOUGHT MAIL
Back up only the historic basis of Buddhism to explore private-thought-about the time, but it's not enough, we must move forward step that explore the whole future of Buddhist thought, ie, between thought -That-Systems Austria and Buddhist thought what a relationship; this is the problem needs to be studied. Because the philosophical aspects of Indian history, very early, philosophical thought-That-Systems Austria has occupied a very significant position, should want to know the status of Buddhism how we need to learn the relations between the two systems of thought.
First of all let's talk about yourself Austria-That-mail. Words seriously then, but is impossible from the text but on taste, people do not see a trace that shows the relationship between Austria-That-mail and Theravada Buddhism. So in the Austro-That-old letter found no record of any association with both the Buddhist, the Buddhist materials also have not seen the name Austria-definition or reference to the thought of it. If a review is at a depth between Austria-definition era and the era-mail Buddhism although the correlation is continuity, but the Buddha is said to Austria-That-mail or not it was a question. This is a problem that people want to study the whole history of thought from India are not confused, suspicious and very anxious. However, if you said it loosely, Buddhism, in many ways, it can be said, has also been influenced by the Austro-That-mail, but only if they thought it was the Buddhist ones who can not be. Let's take an example; as theory Industry , for example. In Austria-That-Mail ancient tantric theory is, is not openly acknowledged, (1) but to the Buddhist era, it is thought to be recognizing all of the parties.
(1) India-Religion-Philosophy-Education-Education-History, p. 395; pp. 352-353.
Again, the object-substance-related, in Austria-That-letter stock only theory Tam-weak-Attorney (1), but at times it's all about Buddhist doctrine recognizes the Four-General and the Five Dynasties. Back as in Review-A-Ham, the Seoul service, which theory "What we see is all, not two, not the other, not kill" (2), when viewed with the Austrian label Message-That-that they have not thought been introduced or discussed. Moreover, if it goes deep into the body of the self and the context of the Buddha's teachings (Dhamma) of his base that the survey, with no disadvantages associated with the Austrian scientist thought- This means the decision-mail may not be the explanation. Therefore, one can not admit that even though not directly, indirectly, between Austria-meaning thought-Mail and Buddhism have a close relationship. Since Austria-Definition-mail is confidential internal teacher who took her west-La-Mon of the center, while the east is not subject to the feeling of deep-Ba-La Mon and not exposed to Buddhism no direct relationship, but only indirectly affected, along with one's thoughts tend to then become the context of Buddhist thought.
(1) India-The-Philosophy-Religious-Studies-Education-History, p, 325. pp, 352-353,
(2) Review-A-Ham, p, 519.
Monday, the primary schools of the Austro-That-mail encouraging development, as far as I know, is the third movement -Reviews number (Samkhya), Du Gia (Yoya), and Huu Than Sex (must approve-Da-Da but is the system of the Austro-That-mail, but the establishment of this sent too late; should not discuss here). Boiled down to the theistic sect Buddhist era as mentioned above, get Brahma-centered, while the term Pi-Low and Low-Ba-New York (ie Self-In-God-Isana) shall not represent is clear. As the Brahma religion or almost mythical, or for the creation of the universe, and about the relationship between Buddhism Brahma and how they presented it above. Regarding the so-called yoga, the course is being a yoga-Ba-Ta-Le Forum (Patanjali), appearing later than the Buddha. As far as I know, this sect has been under the influence of Buddhism, would have no relation to the original Buddhism; song and to meditate, in the broadest sense, in the Buddhist era has existed in various forms and obviously also influenced by Buddhist them. Such as the Four-Zen-Dinh Vo-Dinh Sac have pre-existing and not wait until the new Buddhism. But, just as Buddha is his element from A-La-La-Da-Ca and depression which, and the most common terms used in Buddhism is the Tam-Mei (concentration-Tam-Ma-Land) then at the end of the Austro-definition should be used until the Silver-Aged-Pham-Ca (Bhagavadgita) newly independent members. See how the Buddha's meditation can also be regarded as belonging to the yoga movement in the broadest sense.
Tuesday, derivative number-Reviews is a matter attracted many scholars. In his philosophy Clerk, (1) I have already discussed, here I will not go into details but only conclusion is simple. Number of Reviews Sex-era Buddhist sect is not as up-number-Reviews by Zone-Da-Tung (Samkya karika) pass today, but the trend of thought from the Austro-Definition-mail to Number instead of weight-Reviews Copyright can-Reviews is the key time-statue-Luan, not important principle that intentional weight chaired principles, good attitude survey analysis that the mind, character generation and application dependent origination attributed to the relationship between them. Learning style research methods are very powerful and popular at that time. Discussion was seconded Number-room school was asked to adapt the Austrian-That-mail, but because aspects tend to be slightly different from the system so, the results became independent of the Buddha also influenced by Most school board room so that the result is often thought of Buddhism have many similarities with thought-Reviews number: that is my own opinion. If compared the order of thought developed the idea still ahead of number-Reviews Buddhism, therefore, we can not agree on how to organize and advocate of European-Confucian-Sign-Ba-Confucian- moment (?) in his book Die Lehre und der upanishaden Anfange des Buddhismus (Austria-meaning Catholic means-mail with Buddhist origins), and myself also based on this order, taking the Theravada as you, look the number-Discussion to talk about "The development of the Italian Reviews in India." The presentation was published in the Journal of Philosophy 364 and 365.
(1) Six Indian-level philosophy, pp. 90-94.
In summary, if the Buddhist scriptures that reference and comparison, we can not see a direct relationship between ideological meaning-mail us and Austria-Buddha, but if trends survey is roughly about indirect ways, obviously it is related to Buddhism. This is one of the key issues that would need to research a more keen.
After all is said through the take-Business-Sa, Wins Reviews and Ni-Da-Da, etc. ... to be recognized as belonging to the Austro-meaning thought-letter. The parties are to appear after the Buddha, and, on the indirect relationship, except for Ni-Da-Da parties also discussed the point, all the other parties, the ideology of the area, unrelated to Buddhism, by the way just mentioned only briefly.
The policy of the Buddhist sects have at times above the other, the Ba-La-Mon, I have presented in his book India-Religion-Philosophy-Education-Education-History, ideology Austria -That-Mail -system (and Pham-mail-system), I said the six parties Philosophy India, here I thought no need to repeat again. Only the policy of the Group Sa-license exam at that time not to be discussed explicitly, so here I will introduce the special. As mentioned above, and in the chapter, the following information will also be made clear, ordinary policy and attitude of the Buddha, in many respects, were related with the Sa-This subject group. But if strictly speaking, this is a big problem with independence, to understand its origin far not an easy task. Now to help further the understanding of Buddhism, I will only pursuant to introduce Buddhism and criticism in a general way only.
First examine the stance of the problem. The problems that the schools of that time is roughly regular review at the origin of the world, and where regulation of human life interesting. For example; property boundary or the world is infinite, the saint after death or not , body and mind are one or the other etc. ... These are all issues that are very popular derivative discussion. Conclusion of the problem is how people can achieve a common ideal with her, is find out where a specified animal of human life. See then the current problem they studied is not that different on the topics raised at the Austrian-That-mail, but there is a difference of their research freely, not bound of tradition, so that trends are more sophisticated and cynical. In School-A-Ham, economic Pham Dong (Brahmajalasutta) has recorded all of the issues and answer all schools of thought at the time, in which the thesis and answer the most famous university at that time, the strategy can divided into eight headings. They are:
1 .- Often Kien Reviews (Sassatavada), the policy world and the self are permanent .
2 .- Discussion Ban Permanent Ban Impermanence (Ekacca sassatika), said that the world and all beings are part of impermanence, one is permanent.
3 .- Border and Friendship Boundless Reviews (antanan-tika), said the world is limited or no limit.
4 .- Women Sophists (amaravikkhepiha) (Qiao Deathless incest, The Man Reviews) launched a policy of not answering any decision about what an event, it is difficult to capture the intent of this sect , hence known as the-Man-Reviews (meaning hard to blame such as fish),
5 .- inhuman Reviews (adhiccasamu-ppada), advocates that all phenomena are random, there is no causality at all.
6 .- E-Post-Discussion (udbamaghatamika), making interpretation of a state of consciousness after death.
7 .- The Kien Reviews (ucchedavada), the policy after death is all nothing.
8 .- The French Nirvana Reviews (dittha dhammanibbanam), argues the state is supreme in the realm of the present. In eight of these guidelines, if it is subdivided again into the so-called sixty-two comments, as well as purse seine fish wrap, sixty two insights encompasses all policies and therefore that named Pham Vinh Kinh: this was shown in the texts. And this is a very precious document as it was through what is now known to be a great way to solve issues and problems of his contemporaries, as all comments from all parties as well as the brains of the group Sa-license all of which have been recorded. The problem often sent each other and thus argues that technology progresses a lot (1) to float a sect arose just like to argue that argument, the parties quibble at that time so large that up. Until now the Buddha, though vehemently denied mere theory, but, standing in a different ways to say, the Buddhist approach also argue very sharp, probably also influenced by contemporary trends reasonable?
(1) Theory of Ly-Chi-Nan, threat-Accessories etc. ... is related to logic Ni-Da-Da, in the Buddhist scriptures already have, such as Brahmajala, 1p. 8; Journal-function, 48 copies.
Eight advocates and sixty-two comments on this false classification is only one part-time, if the survey section by section to learn how each theory and undertakings by the parties, unfortunately there is not enough material for reference . The doctrine of the two Buddhist ascetics to first consult the A-La-La-Ca-and depression-La-Ma-Ma-Da-Ca Tu today is not known. Buddha while he was dissatisfied with both, but the theory of Infinite-Department-Friendship-Made-To 's A-La-La-Ca-La-Ma and the theory of Phi-Phi-Phi-Head-To-Head of depression- Da-Ca-Ma-Tu, if placed in the highest position in Buddhist Meditation, at least, human-life-of their Buddha also affected, it can be inferred that know. Later in the Buddhist Stories (such as business process-Round-The-In-Human-fruit) and Business Administration-Buddha-Department-New are copy A-La-La once said with regard to the Buddha's life, death order given by him are: Minh Profile - conceit - Si Tam - Infection AUI - Five Vi Tran Gas (Active only) - Great - afflictions - Birth, aging, Death etc. ..., so also no different than -Discussion-Master. The Twelve predestined Buddha may well have originated there. On this point, it is a very important meaning, but unfortunately in doing A-Ham do not see an old analog recording at all, if only briefly, so can not critique and research a thorough way to predict the birth of the A-La-La's like. As for the depression-Da-Ca has yet to find a trace is recorded, so what, want to know his policy is even more difficult than another. In short A-La-La-Da-Ca and depression is the leader Sa-Mon delegation took the practice Meditation master and consistency is a must. In their system of thought, then, after death, no inheritance: see this on the dialogue between them and clear enough Buddhist (1).
In the parties have not been very satisfactory, but not always-Master also has a bit of order. From Mon-Sa-business reputation in the School Fruit content to other places that speak to both parties Luc-Master, because the status of this sect, in addition to sign-Na, in the history of Indian philosophy of religion, not a sect which equaled. In Buddha's time, these parties also take Ma-Ha-Da-centered features to promote their school should also have a lot in close contact with Buddhism. Now let's economic base by Sa-Mon-fruits to introduce a simpler way of their policy as follows:
(A) M. 26 Ariyapariyesana; La-Ma-Business 28, Premium-Da-La SXXXV Uddaka 130.
1. - PHU-LAN-NA-CA-DIEP (Purama Kassapa), roughly as moral skepticism, arguing that good, evil is due to habit, ie to do good or evil habit, not because there What a corresponding industrial base. That is the main advocate of this sect.
2. - On-GIA-LE-LA-Q-XA (Makkhoili Gosala), ancestor of the student-par-derivative (Ajivika = false pagan par). According to Buddhism, the sect said this policy Reviews All-Natural- radical (Fatalism), great attention to that behavior as well as the destiny of man, all of which are determined by natural laws, people do not contrary to what is, so we need not attempt that it is natural to liberation. This policy has the air of all the wealth of meaning. According to legend, the derivative of the States-Na is a disciple of the tribe Bear Water Group (Mahavira), if the legend of Buddhism, they are the heirs of Nam-Da-Bat-La (Nanda Vaccha ). In summary, this derivative is a derivative close to the States-Na, at the age of Buddhism, this sect are very powerful, but Ky-Na, the sect is the largest of Lu-Su. (1)
(1) A 111p, 388; ibib p, 68; Si pp, 65-67; Journal-Ham 49, p. 750, 46 p. 630 etc. ... backing more information, see the book Guide Sanryutia Amguttare.
3. - A-DI-DA-TOTAL-SA-KHAM-BA-LA (Ajita Kesakambali) is a review purely materialistic, not sure that people over the composition of elements, a dead end, purpose in life enjoy all the pleasures and they reject what is moral character, seriously. People also call them the Thuan-World-Women (Lokayata) is to show human-life-stance of their way. This theory also recorded in the Sutra Krtanga (III 12-13) of the States-Na.
4. - FITNESS-DA-CA-FRIED-EXPRESS (Pukudha Kaccayana), the chief contrast to single-character-on review, that is theory for the mind, things are eternal. But the methodology of calculation of the derivative of this very machine. They say that man by seven elements earth, water, fire, wind, pain, joy and life of the creation, by the capacitor, canopy, glass, combination of these factors that the phenomenon of life, death, but the seven factors that are never destroyed. For example, only people who get stabbed through the equinoxes, with the seven factors alone but life itself is not lost. See then, if you want to live free from the other feared dead can not use a knife that cut off the side of life is. This theory is similar to the theory of Silver-Aged-Pham-Ca (Bhagavadgita): that is the point we should pay attention.
5. - TAN-NAC-DA-TY-LA-LE-DEATH (Sanyaya bellatthiputta). The policy of this sect also known as the Republic of inspiration, that is, depending on the time and place where, how everyone is inspired by the world on which to predict the truth. For example, if someone asks, "have no future", if he felt at the meeting is there , as is true with the truth, but later if you feel the answer is no, then no, as well right to the truth.
6. - NI-OVERSEAS-FROM-home-to-FROM (Niganndha netaputta), an ancestor of the States-Na-Catholic. Previous name was Crouching-Confucian-Dat-Ma-Na (Vardhamana), before the birth of Buddha. Has a force at the Church-Union-States-Na were similar to Buddhism. According to the introduction of business Mon-Sa-like fruit is the policy of this sect is a carrier-par-review, but, by the failure of (1) of Buhler, that is the treatment solution. (2). Considering the doctrine of this sect, the dual-resource-comments that clause (jiva) and non-par (ajiva) as the basis for founding the category that all explanations, while the practice is taking extreme asceticism and any moral habit of killing its excellent work. Also so that the Clerk-Master, this derivative is very close to Buddhist teachings and also through a lot of similarities. If you want to know the status of primitive Buddhism can not not study the relationship between Buddhism and the schools of this. But, here, because not enough time to go into temporary problem, so please set aside.
(1) Buhler; The Indian Sects of the Jama, p. 231, London 1903
(2) M, 77 Makasakuludayi sutta vol, II. P, 2-3; Middle-Ham, Dr. Mao Business 57.
In short, the school of thought (Lu-Su) above are to meet the needs of the contemporary reform movement that undaunted. On this point all resistance traditionalists She-La-Mon which established the doctrine of individual parties is also no different from Buddhism, but another is that they have gone too far to the point that makes the thought of wild take, do not know what direction, so the new Buddha initiated a special escape: the theory of the Middle Path to rectify the trend extreme harm to the director's mind and this is a very great task of the Buddha. In the history of Indian thought, the Madhyamaka theory has brought to contemporary thought about a vivacious atmosphere. According to historic Buddhist - Buddhist mind that the only time - in the sect, who only have damage to the damage, so in Buddhism there are many documents record vehemently attack these people. But considering the stance of those who themselves are considered vandalism that moves, that is, in theory they advocate are also more considerate as a function animals. Such as the theory of Phu-Lan-Na-Ca-Houttuynia sure that no evil, report applications, heard through a doctrine seems unethical, but if some speculate century will see the intention of they are as motor behavior , there is no absolute good or bad. By the action of the battlefield to kill the enemy can not tell is evil, that the work of charities, giving money to distribute among the destitute is not necessarily good but it needs to consider the engine as What is new judge. As sophistry of neo-review Nac-Da, on a show, because people can not catch their attention so they are important for the-Man-Luan (difficult to catch as catch the blame), but if it is examined in terms of deep, then it also implies a philosophy. Those in the zeal to lead this congregation as Xa Loi-play-and-Kien Muc-Lien, when they do not take refuge in Buddhism, in terms of attention, they are determined not only by sophistry. Then the derivative Ni-Kien-E and Biology-clause (Buddhism called Ta-Face-Women), in terms of power, they are not weak as Buddhists say, just watch the judging of the outsider the time is clear enough, that is, they have set the status of the parties on a par with Buddha and the best praise. Furthermore according to legend, Buddha and the Six-Teacher sex with two states living in the Ma-Ha-has-Aging (Anga) that these two countries, at the same time, are flourishing, quiet fun; as So, if say a fair way, the derivative of the Su-Luc but not by the Buddha, but also not too low and dangerous as the Buddhist saying; this is the point we need to remember if we want I understand why the Buddha, in many respects, also have been influenced by the schools of this.
Lu-Su told they must, if the collection of reference of the scattered records in the business, we can see the time there are also several group Sa-Tan-another subject, but because no special understanding and policy how they should not be presented fully. Moreover, if loosely reviewed the new contemporary thinkers, then, although the group known as Sa-license , but in which there are many people who attended the secular spirit of the movement that became the direction of a sect. But unfortunately, business names, as well as their policies do not begin proceedings should not be understood. Broadly speaking, those secular spirit of this exercise has many effects, such as hedonism of-Animal-Duy Luan above, in terms of nature can also be seen as advocates of This secular people: it is a proven specific.
Thus, after observing roughly the policy and the campaign's main ideas related to contemporary Theravada How then, in which the Buddhist position is clearly that then, ideas do not need to review its own research on this point again. But, because he wanted to find out for clearer so special to mention it again. In terms of the contemporary movement of thought have very deep relationships with major modern Buddhism can be divided into three categories as follows:
First, Ba-La-Mon-Catholic. From what is recorded in the legislated She-La-Mon, provisions made in a broad sense, the moral of the General-Self-The-Thi, the regulatory Ba-La-Mon but taking tight division close of the four castes as basic provisions, but in which there are many humanitarian values true religion, especially to the General-Self-Execution-The argument is virtually no religious distinctions as four class is more significant, whereas the scope of morality is also very spacious. In Buddhism, the idea is regarded as equivalent to, or so, thought She-La-Mon metabolism very much. In other words, regulation, practice is considered the most significant in Buddhism is the Five Realms, roughly have her get pregnant from defined-La-Mon. (1) as permitted maintenance man (mak upostha) that La-Han and the maintenance of home sales has escaped from the provisions of the Ba-La-Mon-Studies on birth-mode period (Brahmacarin) (2) , there are some concrete proof. Therefore, the practice of Buddhism and regulatory She-La-Mon have very intimate relations, it is undeniably true. Known as the Buddha, his teachings are France (Dhamma) is also the act by the French in the French Business (Dharma Sutra) of the Ba-La-Mon that out.
(1) Reference Andorra Religion-Philosophy-Education-Education-History, p 512. As the fifth in five of the world but is unique Buddhist, but, if the individual doctrines of the French master Ba-La-Mon also. For example, in Apaetanbhyadharma sutra 1.5. 17, 21 110. 28.10.
(2) Ibib 1.1.2. 21-22.
Monday, standing in terms of theories that examine the life and worldview of Buddhism also has similarities with the system through Austria-That-mail, especially the movement's ideological split up de-Da -Du-Da (Samkhyayaga) in a broad sense it has a very intimate relationship. On this point we will discuss more clearly follows the natural, the present teachings.
Tuesday, so, for her thought-La-Mon-Catholic in a broad sense, almost directly, indirectly, the Buddha were related. Song, reactive stance to neo-Ba-La Mon is the Buddha, because the net area to take Ma-Ha-Da-centered, exposure to liberal ideas, so excuse the attitude of the Buddha and the be greatly influenced by sex-Master Lu. So as well as Christ-The-Greek-order (Socrates) but opposition parties quibble, but he also brought nuance to the puppet-action-review. Also, although all chains Buddhist sect Luc-Master, but, in terms of performance reviews, the Buddha also save Asia 's sex-Master Lu. Therefore, if the comparison survey of contemporary thinking about the thoughts and attitudes of Buddhism, the Buddha used to say that "self-realization Master", has turned into a saint era .
Song, a unique creation of Buddha, Buddhist news how? This problem, of teaching content, will be explaining later. Here, let us consider the problem of the Buddha to be able to synthesize the most elite of the times, ie, whether traditional ideas or ideologies which may recruit super ideas Vietnam to book time with the spirit which leads to the reasonable satisfaction. That the synthesis and selection is determined not only by extremists but to y eclectic, or as Cost-hotel-Nho said, taking her-La-Mon-Catholic forms of the area, taking the derivative Lu-Su as the villain, and eclectic and reflect that the two main synthetic that is the attitude of the Buddhist way. And that attitude is not unique to the La-Ba-Lu-Su Mon or that of all the problems, as for the policy of all parties, the Buddha also kept that attitude: it can be said this is the character of Buddhism. Methods such as cultivation is practiced his contemporaries, one side is pleasure review extremists, on the other hand is all that ascetic extremes, the Buddha went eclectic two proposed the theory that mental cultivation is not suffering not fun. Back issues such as soul, on the one hand there are those who advocate regular seat-review (often comments Comments) radical, on the other hand, there are a materialist sect advocated cessation comments (review comments section) extreme . Buddha all chains both eclectic and that made life in the relationship (causal) mobility, and on all other issues are also a mobile application that was, and this attitude, in the broadest sense , was named the attitudes middle (majjha). Later, the Mahayana Buddhist inspiration, the term Middle Way is used as the standard, and instead of the truth of Buddhism. View the status of Buddhism is to be dispatched in such contemporary middle, and he has occupied positions of dominance in the entire history of Indian thought. In later chapters, when confronted with issues involved, we will better the Middle Way doctrine. END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY BACH LIEN HOA.NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).13/1/2012.
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